General Hydraulics
Code
5258
Academic unit
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
Department
Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente
Credits
7.0
Teacher in charge
António Pedro de Nobre Carmona Rodrigues, Pedro Manuel da Hora Santos Coelho
Weekly hours
5
Total hours
85
Teaching language
Português
Objectives
Knowledge of the methods, principles and laws taught in the scope of the discipline, to allow a theoretical and practical approach of problems and questions of the forum of applied hydraulics of pressure flow and of free-surface flow, including kinematics laws and orifices and spillways.
Prerequisites
Lab sessions attendance (minimum 2/3) and accomplishment of six lab experiments with correspondent lab reports.
Subject matter
Fluids physical properties: physical constants; dimensional analysis. Hydraulic Basics: kinematics; dynamics; flow energy; momentum; flow establishment. Hydrostatics: fundamental equations; pressure distribution; hydrostatic thrust. Closed conduit flow: i) head loss in conduits: general equation; Reynolds number; absolute roughness and relative roughness; smooth pipes and rough pipes; resistance coefficient; Moody diagram; explicit equations; conduit ageing; ii) head loss produced by transitions and fittings and other singularities; equivalent length of conduit. iii) energy grade line and hydraulic grade line design; position of the hydraulic grade line in relation to conduit. Open channel Flow: types of flow; velocity and pressure distribution; Froude number; normal depth; specific energy; depth-discharge curve; critical flow; water surface profiles; hydraulic jump; orifices and Bazin type spillways.
Bibliography
Lencastre, A. – “Hidráulica Geral”, Hidroprojecto, Lisboa, 1983;
Manzanares A. – “Hidráulica Geral”, TÉCNICA A.E.I.S.T., Lisboa, 1980;
Quintela, A. – “Hidráulica”, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa, 1981.
Teaching method
Lectures: oral presentation, whenever suitable supported with photographs and examples of real situations representing practical implementation of discussed topics.
Lab sessions: resolution of problems on applied hydraulics; practices in the Hydraulics Laboratory, with presentation and manipulation of scale physical models, illustrative of fundamental hydraulic laws.
Evaluation method
Grades from 0 (minimum) to 20 (maximum).Lab experiment reports (6): 7,5 % of final grade.Written exam: 92,5% of final grade. Minimum of 9,5 required. Grades over 16 are subject to oral exam.
Courses
